how is the workflow of soap saponification equipment

The workflow of soap saponification equipment mainly includes raw material preparation, saponification reaction, washing separation, post-treatment and other steps. The specific process is as follows:

1. Raw material preparation

 

Oil pretreatment: filter to remove impurities and adjust the moisture content (if necessary).

 

Preparation of alkali solution: dissolve sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) in water to prepare a certain concentration of alkali solution (such as about 30%).

 

Metering and mixing: send oil and alkali solution to the saponification reaction equipment according to the formula ratio.

 

2. Saponification reaction

 

Heating and stirring: heat to 60~100°C in the reactor (saponification pot), and stir continuously to promote the reaction.

 

Direct saponification method: oil and alkali solution directly react to produce soap (fatty acid salt) and glycerol.

 

Indirect saponification method: first hydrolyze oil to produce fatty acids and glycerol, and then neutralize with alkali.

 

Reaction monitoring: detect the degree of reaction by pH value, viscosity or sampling (usually takes several hours).

 

3. Washing and separation

 

Salting out: Add saturated salt water (NaCl) to separate soap and glycerin (soap precipitates and floats on the upper layer, and glycerin aqueous solution is in the lower layer).

 

Washing: Separate the lower glycerin solution (recyclable), and wash the soap layer with clean water to remove residual alkali and salt.

 

4. Post-processing

 

Blending: Add spices, pigments, additives, etc. to adjust the properties of soap.

 

Molding: Pour the soap slurry into the mold to cool and solidify (block soap), or spray dry it into powder (washing powder).

 

Drying and cutting: Cut into standard sizes after natural drying or drying.

 

Packaging: Package the finished product and mark the ingredients, production date and other information.

 

Key equipment

 

Reactor: Saponification pot with stirring and heating functions.

 

Separation tank: used for salting out and stratification.

 

Drying equipment: spray drying tower or drying room.

 

Molding machine: pressing, cutting, printing equipment.

 

Precautions

 

Safety protection: Alkaline solution is corrosive, and protective equipment must be worn.

 

Reaction control: Avoid excessive saponification that leads to deterioration of soap quality.

 

Environmental requirements: Treatment of wastewater and by-products must comply with environmental standards.

 

This process can adjust specific parameters according to the production scale (intermittent or continuous) and soap type (toilet soap, laundry soap, etc.).

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