The technological process of soap production includes refining, saponification, salting out, washing, and alkali precipitation before it can be produced into soap.

1. Refining: The purpose is to remove impurities in oil. The refining process includes degumming, deacidification and decolorization. Degumming is to remove colloids such as phospholipids in oil, which can be hydrated with water and then precipitated out. This method is called hydration method. Concentrated sulfuric acid can also be used to carbonize and precipitate phospholipids and similar impurities. This method is called acidification.

2.Saponification: saponification reaction with alkali after oil refining. The main saponification method is boiling. The soap pot is cylindrical or square. The soap pot is not only equipped with pipelines for oil, lye, water, brine, etc., but also equipped with direct steam or steam coils, in order to feed steam and stir the soap material evenly.

3.Salting out: Add common salt or saturated saline to the closed soap material to separate the soap from dilute glycerin. After the closed soap gel is salted out, the soap in the upper layer is called soap grains, and the glycerin water with salt in the lower layer is discharged from the bottom of the soap pot, and the glycerin can be recovered.

4. Washing: After separating out the waste liquid, add water and steam to boil the soap grains to make them become uniform soap gel from the separated state, and wash out the residual glycerin, pigment and impurities.

5. Alkali analysis: The glycerin, salt, pigment and impurities in the soap grains are further washed out through alkali analysis, and the residual oil in the soap grains can be completely saponified. The lowest concentration of alkali at which alkali water is completely separated is called the limit concentration of alkali water. The upper layer is pure soap base and the lower layer is soap foot. Soapleg has deep color and many impurities, so it is generally used again in the next alkali analysis.

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